Glossary
AC Motor (Alternating Current Motor)
A motor powered by alternating current, known for durability and stability, though slightly less efficient than DC motors.。
Ah (Ampere-hour)
A unit of battery capacity, indicating how much current a battery can deliver in one hour (e.g., a 20Ah battery can provide 20A for 1 hour).
Battery Management System (BMS)
A critical component for lithium batteries, monitoring voltage, temperature, and charge/discharge states to prevent overcharging or over-discharging.
Brushless Motor
A motor without carbon brushes, offering higher efficiency and longer lifespan, commonly used in mid-to-high-end electric tricycles.
Charging Cycle
A full charge-discharge-recharge process; lithium batteries typically support 500–1000 cycles.
Controller
An electronic device regulating motor speed and power, directly impacting acceleration and energy efficiency.
DC Motor (Direct Current Motor)
A motor powered by direct current, providing strong starting torque at a lower cost but requiring periodic brush maintenance.
Discharge Rate
The ratio of discharge current to battery capacity (e.g., 1C = full discharge in 1 hour), affecting performance and lifespan.
E-ABS (Electronic Anti-lock Braking System)
A braking technology using motor resistance to reduce mechanical wear and improve safety.
Energy Density
The energy stored per unit volume or weight (Wh/kg); higher density means longer range.
Frame Material
Common materials include high-strength steel (durable), aluminum alloy (lightweight), and carbon fiber (premium models).
Gradeability
The maximum slope a vehicle can climb, expressed in degrees (°) or percentage (e.g., 15% slope ≈ 8.5°).
Hub Motor
A motor integrated into the wheel, compact and low-maintenance, often used in rear-wheel-drive tricycles.
Lithium-ion Battery
Lightweight, high-energy-density batteries with longer lifespans than lead-acid but higher cost.
Load Capacity
The maximum designed carrying weight (including passengers/cargo); freight tricycles often exceed 500kg.
Pedal Assist
A mode where pedaling activates motor assistance, saving battery and extending range.
Power Rating
A motor’s continuous output (in W or kW), affecting speed and load performance.
Range
The maximum distance (km) achievable on a full charge, influenced by battery capacity, load, and terrain.
Regenerative Braking
A system that converts kinetic energy into stored electricity during braking.
Suspension System
Shock-absorbing components (e.g., hydraulic or spring suspension) to improve ride comfort.
Torque
Rotational force (N·m); higher torque improves climbing and load-carrying ability.
Tire Type
Tubeless Tires: Puncture-resistant, no inner tube needed.
Radial Tires: Durable, ideal for heavy loads.
Voltage
The nominal voltage of the battery system (e.g., 48V/60V); higher voltage typically enhances power and efficiency.